messoamerica:

The Codex Mendoza is a colonial Mexican manuscript commissioned by Antonio de Mendoza, the first viceroy of New Spain, in AD 1542 to depict the everyday lives of the Aztec people. It is the earliest known example of the synchronization of Mexican and Spanish writing, combining traditional Mexican pictography with Spanish annotations. Although intended for King Charles V of Spain, it was captured by French pirates and remained in relative obscurity until it’s rediscovery at Oxford University in 1831.